The collection of objects of similar types is termed as a class. Any number of objects can be created after a class is created. A class is a ‘data-type’ and an object as a ‘variable’ of that type. The entire set of code and data of an object can be made user-defined data type using the concept of the class. Objects can even interact without knowing the details of each other’s code or data. Each object contains code and data to manipulate the data. For Example, ‘customer’ and ‘account’ are two objects that may send a message to the account object requesting for the balance. The objects interact with each other by sending messages to one another when a program is executed. Any programming problem is analyzed based on objects and how they communicate amongst themselves. It may also represent user-defined data types like lists and vectors. An object can represent a person, a bank account, a place, a table of data. Objects are runtime entities in an object-oriented system. General OOPS concepts in Java are: Objects and Classes List of OOPS Concepts in Java with Examples Follows the bottom-up approach in program design.New methods and data can be easily added whenever necessary.Objects communicate with each other through methods.Data is hidden, and external functions cannot access it.Methods operating on the data of an object are tied together in the data structure.Data Structures are designed to characterize objects.Some features of object-oriented programming in java are: However, the methods of an object can access methods of other objects. The data of an object is accessed by the methods associated with that object. The combination of the data makes up an object. OOPS allows decomposing a problem into several entities called Objects and then build data and functions from these entities. It ties data closely to the functions that operate on it and protects it from unintentional modification by other existing functions. OOP treats data as an element in the program, not allowing it to flow around the system freely. The primary objective of the object-oriented approach is to eliminate some of the pitfalls that exist in the procedural approach. “Object-oriented programming is an approach that modularizes programs by creating a partitioned memory area for both functions and data that can be used as templates for creating copies of such modules on demand.” OOPS Paradigm Languages supporting OOP features include Smalltalk, Objective C, C++, Ada, Pascal, and Java. It involves new ways of organizing and developing programs and does not a concern using a particular language. Object-oriented programming is an approach to development and an organization that attempts to eliminate some of the flaws of conventional programming methods by incorporating the best of structured programming features with several new concepts. List of OOPS Concepts in Java with Examples.
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